| Manufacturer | Rootes Group |
|---|---|
| Production | 1945–1967 |
| Assembly |
United Kingdom Port Melbourne, Australia [1] |
The Humber Hawk was a large four-cylinder saloon produced by the British-based Humber car company, part of the Rootes Group.
Humber Hawk Mk I & II[]
 | |
| Production |
1945–1949 [2] |
|---|---|
| Body style(s) | 4-door saloon |
| Engine(s) | 1944 cc Straight-4 side-valve |
| Transmission(s) | 4-speed manual |
| Wheelbase | 114 inches (2896 mm)[3] |
| Length | 178 inches (4521 mm)[3] |
| Width | 69 inches (1753 mm)[3] |
The Hawk was the first Humber car to be launched after World War II, but was not really a new vehicle, being heavily based on the pre-war Hillman 14. The engine dated back to the early 1930s, when it was first used in the Hillman 12 and was a 1944 cc, side-valve, four-cylinder unit and it drove a live rear axle through a four-speed gearbox with centrally located floor change.
The four-door body was mounted on a separate chassis and was of the six-light design (three windows on each side) with a sunshine roof as standard. Suspension was independent at the front using a transverse leaf spring, and at the rear the axle had half-elliptic springs.
The Mark II version of September 1947 was a very mild facelift, the main difference being a column gear change.
Top speed was around 65 mph (105 km/h).
Humber Hawk 1946 rear view
Humber Hawk Mark III to V[]
| Production |
1948–1954 production 10,040 (III) 6492 (IV) 14,300 (V)[2] |
|---|---|
| Body style(s) |
4-door saloon Limousine (Mk V only) |
| Engine(s) |
1944 cc Straight-4 side-valve (Mk III) 2267 cc Straight-4 side-valve (Mk IV & V)[2] |
| Transmission(s) | 4-speed manual |
| Wheelbase | 105.5 inches (2678 mm)[3] |
| Length | 174 inches (4420 mm)[3] |
| Width | 70 inches (1778 mm)[3] |
| Height | 64.75 in (1,645 mm) [4] |
The Mk III Hawk was a completely new car and was first shown at the London Motor Show in October 1948, but it still retained the earlier engine and transmission. The new body was styled by the Loewy Studio[2] and the separate headlights of the old model were gone, along with the separate front wings. The chassis was new, with coil-sprung independent front suspension. The rear axle was also a new design with hypoid gearing. The body could be finished in a wide range of colours, both as two-tone and metallic. The metallic finishes would be offered on all the Hawks until the model's demise in late 1967/early 1968.
In 1950 the Mark IV version arrived with a larger, 2267 cc engine incorporating, as before, an aluminium cylinder head.[5] The Mark IV also used larger, 15-inch wheels. The steering was now more highly geared and was commended by commentators for its lightness when manoevering the car in a confined space despite 53% of the car's 2996 (British) pounds (1358 kg) being carried by the front wheels.[6]
A 2267 cc Mk IV car tested by the British magazine The Motor in 1951 had a top speed of 71.4 mph (114.9 km/h) and could accelerate from 0–60 mph (97 km/h) in 30.0 seconds. A fuel consumption of 24.2 miles per imperial gallon (11.7 l/100 km/20.2 mpg-US) was recorded. The test car cost £850, including taxes.[4]
The 1952 Mk V was mechanically unchanged but had a new treatment to the front, and was also available as a "luxury touring limousine". A lowered bonnet line and wrap-around bumpers with over-riders distinguished this model from the Mk IV[7]
Humber Hawk Mark VI and VIA[]
 | |
| Production |
1954–1957 production 18,836 (Mk VI) 9614 (MkVIA)[2] |
|---|---|
| Body style(s) |
4-door saloon estate |
| Engine(s) | 2267 cc Straight-4 overhead valve [2] |
| Transmission(s) | 4-speed manual with optional overdrive |
| Wheelbase | 105.5 in (2,680 mm)[3] |
| Length | 181 inches (4597 mm) (saloon)[3] |
| Width | 72 inches (1829 mm)[3] |
| Height | 65 in (1,651 mm)[8] |
The main change with the Mk VI was the fitting of an overhead-valve cylinder head to the engine. The rear of the body was slightly changed, which made the car longer. In 1955 an estate version with fold-down tailgate appeared.[2]
The April 1956 Mk VIA was a fairly minor upgrade, with changes mainly to the interior. A de-luxe version was added to the range.
A Mk VI estate car with overdrive tested by the British magazine The Motor in 1956 had a top speed of 79.7 mph (128.3 km/h) and could accelerate from 0-60 mph (97 km/h) in 25.2 seconds. A fuel consumption of 22.8 miles per imperial gallon (12.4 l/100 km/19.0 mpg-US) was recorded. The test car cost £1405, including taxes.[8]
Humber Hawk Series I to IVA[]
 | |
| Production |
1957–1967 production 15,539 (I) 6813 (IA) 7230 (II) 6109 (III) 1746 (IV) 3754 (IVA) [2] |
|---|---|
| Body style(s) |
4-door saloon Estate car limousine |
| Engine(s) | 2267 cc Straight-4 ohv |
| Transmission(s) |
4-speed manual all-synchromesh Overdrive and automatic optional |
| Wheelbase | 110 in (2,800 mm)[3] |
| Length | 185 in (4,700 mm)[3] |
| Width | 70 in (1,800 mm)[3] |
| Height | 61.5 in (1,560 mm) [9] |
The 1957 Hawk had a completely new body with unitary construction which it would go on to share with the 1958 Humber Super Snipe. This was the biggest bodyshell for a saloon/estate car built in Great Britain at the time. The 2267 cc engine was carried over, though with modifications to the distributor mounting, and other details; and an automatic transmission, the Borg Warner D.G. model, was now available. The body was styled in Rootes' own studios and featured more glass than previous models, with wrap-around front windscreen, which gave it a considerable resemblance to a 1955 Chevrolet. The estate version featured a horizontally split tailgate—the lower half opening downwards (to provide an extra length of luggage-platform if necessary) and the upper half upwards. The fuel-filler cap was concealed behind the offside rear reflector.
Humber Hawk Series I
There were several revisions during the car's life, each resulting in a new Series number.
The 1959 Series 1A had changed gear ratios and minor trim changes.
The Series II launched in October 1960 had disc front brakes, servo-assisted. The automatic option was no longer available on the home market.
The Series III of September 1962 had a larger fuel tank and bigger rear window. The export model automatic option was also dropped.
More significant changes came with the October 1964 Series IV. The roof was made flatter, the rear window smaller and an extra side window fitted behind the rear doors. Synchromesh was fitted to bottom gear. An anti-roll bar was fitted at the rear.[10]
Humber Hawk Series IV
Humber Hawk Series IV with flatter rear window
The final Series IVA of 1965 saw the automatic option re-introduced, this time being the Borg Warner Model 35.
Some "Series" cars are found with a floor-type gear change replacing the (good quality) standard column-mounted gearstick — these are later owner modifications resembling the original factory option, and the parts necessary for this were obtained from the Commer Karrier Walk-thru–type vans and light lorries which were also made by the Rootes Group at this time. All of the automatic transmission–optioned cars were fitted with the column-type selectors only.
A Series I car without overdrive was tested by the British The Motor magazine in 1957 had a top speed of 83.9 mph (135.0 km/h) and could accelerate from 0-60 mph (97 km/h) in 19.7 seconds. A fuel consumption of 22.5 miles per imperial gallon (12.6 l/100 km/18.7 mpg-US) was recorded. The test car cost £1261, including taxes of £421.[9]
In March 1967 Rootes announced that production of the Humber Hawk, along with that of the Super Snipe and Imperial had ceased.[11] The announcement stated that the cars' place in their range would be filled by Chrysler Valiants imported from Australia,[11] although there is no evidence of the UK car market having been flooded by Valiants following the announcement.
After Hawk production ended, Rootes came to concentrate on sectors offering greater volume, no longer featuring as a UK provider of large family cars. It had, in particular, been unusual for UK manufactured cars of this size to feature a spacious station wagon / estate car version; and, following the demise of the Humber Hawk, the UK market for large estate cars quickly came to be dominated by the Volvo 145, introduced to the UK in March 1968,[12] and its successors.
Preservation[]
Add detail of examples surviving in preservation.
Template:PML Humber Hawk
See also[]
References[]
- ↑ Gavin Farmer, Great Ideas in Motion, A History of Chrysler in Australia, 2010, page 365
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 Robson, G. (2006). A-Z of British Cars 1945-80. Devon, UK: Herridge. ISBN 0-9541063-9-3.
- ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 Culshaw; Horrobin (1974). Complete Catalogue of British Cars. London: Macmillan. ISBN 0-333-16689-2.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "The Humber Hawk", The Motor. February 21, 1950.
- ↑ "Our Experts Advise: Humber Hawk Cylinder Head", Practical Motorist 7 (nbr 76): 417. December 1960.
- ↑ "Humber Hawk Saloon (road test)", Autocar. September 22, 1950.
- ↑ "Second Hand car guide supplement", Practical Motorist 6 Nbr 68: between pages 768 & 769. date April 1960.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 "The Humber Hawk estate car", The Motor. April 11, 1956.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 "The Humber Hawk", The Motor. June 12, 1957.
- ↑ Sedgwick, M.; Gillies.M (1989). A-Z of Cars 1930. Devon, UK: Bay View Books. ISBN 1-870979-38-9.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 "News and Views: No more big Humbers", Autocar 126 (nbr 3708): 66. date 9 March 1967.
- ↑ "News and Views: Now available in this country is the Volvo 145 estate car....", Autocar 128 (nbr 3765): 29. date 11 April 1968.
External links[]
- Post Vintage Humber Car Club
- Humber Enthusiasts Group of New South Wales, with lots of scanned brochures.
- Some more brochures.
Template:Humber cars
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