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An '''excavator''' is an [[engineering vehicle]] consisting of an articulated arm (boom, stick), bucket and [[cab]] mounted on a [[pivot]] (a rotating platform, like a [[Lazy Susan]]) atop an undercarriage with [[Caterpillar track|tracks]] or [[wheel]]s. Their design is a natural progression from the [[steam shovel]].
  
An '''excavator''' is an [[engineering vehicle]] consisting of an articulated arm (boom, stick), bucket and [[cab]] mounted on a [[pivot]] (a rotating platform, like a [[Lazy Susan]]) atop an undercarriage with [[Caterpillar track|tracks]] or [[wheel]]s. Their design is a natural progression from the [[steam shovel]].
   
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==Usage==
  
==Usage==
−
[[Image:House Demolition.jpg|thumb|right|Excavator demolishing a house. Note the grapple]]
  
 
Excavators are used in many roles:
  
Excavators are used in many roles:
 
*Digging of [[trench]]es, holes, [[foundation (architecture)|foundations]]
  
*Digging of [[trench]]es, holes, [[foundation (architecture)|foundations]]
 
*Material handling
  
*Material handling
 
*Brush cutting with hydraulic attachments
  
*Brush cutting with hydraulic attachments
−
*
  
 
*[[Demolition]]
  
*[[Demolition]]
 
*General grading/landscaping
  
*General grading/landscaping
 
*Heavy lift, e.g. lifting and placing of pipes
  
*Heavy lift, e.g. lifting and placing of pipes
−
*[[Mining]], especially, but not only [[open-pit mining]]
+
*[[Mining]], especially, but not only [[open-pit mining]]
 
*[[River]] [[dredging]]
  
*[[River]] [[dredging]]
   
 
==Configurations==
  
==Configurations==
  ⚫
Excavators come in a wide variety of sizes. The smaller ones are called a mini-excavator or [[compact excavator]]. One manufacturer's largest model weighs 84,980 [[kilogram|kg]] (187,360 [[pound (mass)|lb]]) and has a maximum bucket size of 4.5 [[cubic metre|m³]] (5.9 [[cubic yard|yd³]]). The same manufacturer's smallest mini-excavator weighs 1470 kg (3240 lb), has a maximum bucket size of 0.036 m³ (0.048 yd³) and the width of its tracks can be adjusted to 89 [[centimetre|cm]] (35 [[inch]]es). Another company makes a mini excavator that will fit through a doorway with tracks that can be adjusted to only 70 cm (28 inches) wide.
−
[[Image:CaseCrawlerWithTamper3658.JPG|thumb|right|An excavator with sheeps foot compactor attachment]]
  
⚫
Excavators come in a wide variety of sizes. The smaller ones are called a mini-excavator or [[compact excavator]]. One manufacturer's largest model weighs 84,980 [[kilogram|kg]] (187,360 [[pound (mass)|lb]]) and has a maximum bucket size of 4.5 [[cubic metre|m³]] (5.9 [[cubic yard|yd³]]). The same manufacturer's smallest mini-excavator weighs 1470 kg (3240 lb), has a maximum bucket size of 0.036 m³ (0.048 yd³) and the width of its tracks can be adjusted to 89 [[centimetre|cm]] (35 [[inch]]es). Another company makes a mini excavator that will fit through a doorway with tracks that can be adjusted to only 70 cm (28 inches) wide.
  
   
 
In recent years, hydraulic excavator capabilities have expanded far beyond excavation tasks. With the advent of hydraulic powered attachments such as a [[breaker (hydraulic)|breaker]], a [[grapple (construction)|grapple]] or an [[auger]], the excavator is frequently used in many applications other than excavation. Many excavators feature quick-attach mounting systems for simplified attachment mounting, dramatically increasing the machine's utilization on the jobsite. Excavators are usually employed together with [[loader (equipment)|loaders]] and [[bulldozers]]. Most wheeled versions, and smaller, [[compact excavator]]s have a small backfill (or dozer-) blade. This is a horizontal bulldozer-like blade attached to the undercarriage and is used for pushing removed material back into a hole.
  
In recent years, hydraulic excavator capabilities have expanded far beyond excavation tasks. With the advent of hydraulic powered attachments such as a [[breaker (hydraulic)|breaker]], a [[grapple (construction)|grapple]] or an [[auger]], the excavator is frequently used in many applications other than excavation. Many excavators feature quick-attach mounting systems for simplified attachment mounting, dramatically increasing the machine's utilization on the jobsite. Excavators are usually employed together with [[loader (equipment)|loaders]] and [[bulldozers]]. Most wheeled versions, and smaller, [[compact excavator]]s have a small backfill (or dozer-) blade. This is a horizontal bulldozer-like blade attached to the undercarriage and is used for pushing removed material back into a hole.
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==Education==
  
==Education==
−
The [[National Association of Heavy Equipment Training Schools]] (NAHETS), established 2002, uses excavator training schools and circuilum as a method to test and train users in the ability of excavator use.
 +
The [[National Association of Heavy Equipment Training Schools]] (NAHETS), established 2002, uses excavator training schools and curriculum as a method to test and train users in the ability of excavator use.
−  
   
 
==Gallery==
  
==Gallery==
  +
Images needed
 
<gallery>
  
<gallery>
−
Image:Deere330C.jpg|John Deere excavator 330C.
 +
Image:Demolition_rotary_grab.JPG|Demolition excavator Rotary grab
  +
File:Doosan_in_hole_003.jpg|A [[Doosan]] getting in deep
−
Image:kubotaminidigger.jpg|Mini digger by [[Kubota]]
  
−
Image:Cat06b.jpg|''Caterpillar'' excavator.
 
−
Image:American35.jpg| Older American 35A in Borrow pit
  
−
Image:Excavator in Brittany France.JPG|Brand new excavator in [[Brittany]] (France).
  
 
</gallery>
  
</gallery>
   
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* [[Bobcat]] Company
  
* [[Bobcat]] Company
 
* [[Case CE]]
  
* [[Case CE]]
−
* [[Caterpillar Inc.]]
 +
* [[Caterpillar]] Inc.
−
* [[Doosan Infracore]] (formerly [[Daewoo]] Heavy Industries & Machinery)
 +
* [[Doosan]] Infracore (formerly [[Daewoo]] Heavy Industries & Machinery)
  ⚫
* [[Hitachi Construction Machinery]]
−
* [[Hidromek]]
  
⚫
* [[Hitachi Construction Machinery]]
 
 
* [[Hydrema]]: [http://www.hydrema.com/ website]
  
* [[Hydrema]]: [http://www.hydrema.com/ website]
 
* [[Hyundai Heavy Industries]]
  
* [[Hyundai Heavy Industries]]
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* [[J. C. Bamford|JCB]]
  
* [[J. C. Bamford|JCB]]
 
* [[Kobelco Construction Machinery]][http://www.kobelco-kenki.co.jp/ website]
  
* [[Kobelco Construction Machinery]][http://www.kobelco-kenki.co.jp/ website]
−
* [[Komatsu Limited|Komatsu]]
 +
* [[Komatsu]]
 
* [[lbxco]]: [http://www.lbxco.com/　website]
  
* [[lbxco]]: [http://www.lbxco.com/　website]
 
* [[Liebherr]]
  
* [[Liebherr]]
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* [[Mustang Manufacturing]]: [http://www.mustangmfg.com: website]
  
* [[Mustang Manufacturing]]: [http://www.mustangmfg.com: website]
 
* [[Poclain]]
  
* [[Poclain]]
−
* [[Terex Corporation]]
 +
* [[Terex]] Corporation
 
* [[Volvo Construction Equipment]]
  
* [[Volvo Construction Equipment]]
   
⚫
== See also ==
  
⚫
{{commonscat|Excavators}}
  
   
 
===Types of excavator===
  
===Types of excavator===
  +
[[File:Bagger-garzweiler.jpg|thumb|A Giant [[Bucket-wheel excavator]]]]
 
* [[Backhoe loader]]
  
* [[Backhoe loader]]
 
* [[Bucket-wheel excavator]]
  
* [[Bucket-wheel excavator]]
 
* [[Compact excavator]]
  
* [[Compact excavator]]
 
* [[Drag line excavator]]
  
* [[Drag line excavator]]
  +
* [[High reach demolition excavator]] (HRD excavator)
 
* [[Long reach excavator]]
  
* [[Long reach excavator]]
 
* [[Skid steer]]
  
* [[Skid steer]]
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* [[Bulldozer]]
  
* [[Bulldozer]]
 
* [[Civil Engineering]]
  
* [[Civil Engineering]]
  +
* [[Demolition Excavator]]
 
* [[Engineering Vehicles]]
  
* [[Engineering Vehicles]]
 
* [[National Association of Heavy Equipment Training Schools]] &ndash; US educational organisation
  
* [[National Association of Heavy Equipment Training Schools]] &ndash; US educational organisation
 
* [[Mining Simulation]]
  
* [[Mining Simulation]]
  +
* [[Special Purpose Machines]]
  +
  ⚫
== See also ==
  ⚫
{{commonscat|Excavators}}
  +
==References==
  +
*[[Classic Plant & Machinery Magazine]]
  +
*[[Earthmovers Magazine]]
  +
*[[Classic Plant Machinery (book)]], by Brian Johnson
   
 
==External links==
  
==External links==
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* NIOSH Publication: [http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/wp-solutions/2004-107/default.html Preventing Injuries When Working With Hydraulic Excavators and Backhoe Loaders]
  
* NIOSH Publication: [http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/wp-solutions/2004-107/default.html Preventing Injuries When Working With Hydraulic Excavators and Backhoe Loaders]
 
*[http://www.immersivetechnologies.com/ Excavator Simulation]
  
*[http://www.immersivetechnologies.com/ Excavator Simulation]
  +
*[http://www.zentechnologies.com/zen_mining_equipment_training_simulator.html Mining Excavator Simulator systems supplier] - (Not an on-line game)
  +
  +
  +
{{Plant manufacturers}}
  +
   
⚫
[[Category:Engineering vehicles]]
  
   
 
{{wikipedia}}
  
{{wikipedia}}
  +
[[Category:Glossary]]
  ⚫
[[Category:Construction plant]]
  +
[[Category:Excavators]]

Revision as of 21:37, 9 June 2014

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An excavator is an engineering vehicle consisting of an articulated arm (boom, stick), bucket and cab mounted on a pivot (a rotating platform, like a Lazy Susan) atop an undercarriage with tracks or wheels. Their design is a natural progression from the steam shovel.

(This Article is from Wikipedia, as the basis for section. Additional history and UK Machine info required, as well as reformatting of section)

Usage

Excavators are used in many roles:

  • Digging of trenches, holes, foundations
  • Material handling
  • Brush cutting with hydraulic attachments
  • Demolition
  • General grading/landscaping
  • Heavy lift, e.g. lifting and placing of pipes
  • Mining, especially, but not only open-pit mining
  • River dredging

Configurations

Excavators come in a wide variety of sizes. The smaller ones are called a mini-excavator or compact excavator. One manufacturer's largest model weighs 84,980 kg (187,360 lb) and has a maximum bucket size of 4.5 m³ (5.9 yd³). The same manufacturer's smallest mini-excavator weighs 1470 kg (3240 lb), has a maximum bucket size of 0.036 m³ (0.048 yd³) and the width of its tracks can be adjusted to 89 cm (35 inches). Another company makes a mini excavator that will fit through a doorway with tracks that can be adjusted to only 70 cm (28 inches) wide.

In recent years, hydraulic excavator capabilities have expanded far beyond excavation tasks. With the advent of hydraulic powered attachments such as a breaker, a grapple or an auger, the excavator is frequently used in many applications other than excavation. Many excavators feature quick-attach mounting systems for simplified attachment mounting, dramatically increasing the machine's utilization on the jobsite. Excavators are usually employed together with loaders and bulldozers. Most wheeled versions, and smaller, compact excavators have a small backfill (or dozer-) blade. This is a horizontal bulldozer-like blade attached to the undercarriage and is used for pushing removed material back into a hole.

Terminology

Excavators are also called diggers and 360-degree excavators, sometimes abbreviated simply to a 360. Tracked excavators are sometimes called trackhoes by analogy to the backhoe. Even though the 'back' in backhoe refers to the action of the bucket (which pulls "back" toward the machine) and not the location of the shovel, excavators are also occasionally referred to as fronthoes or even just "hoes" .

Education

The National Association of Heavy Equipment Training Schools (NAHETS), established 2002, uses excavator training schools and curriculum as a method to test and train users in the ability of excavator use.

Gallery

Images needed

Major manufacturers


Types of excavator

Bagger-garzweiler

A Giant Bucket-wheel excavator

Other

See also

Commons-logo
Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

References

External links


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(Excludes steam powered)
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Foreign with UK factories
(May have shut down now or been sold)
North American
USA + Canada
European
Ahlmann - Albaret - Akerman - Ammann - Ammann-Yanmar - Atlas - Atlas Copco - Atlas Cranes - Ausa - Bauer - BelAZ - Benati - Benfra - Bergmann - Bitelli - BIOMAN(Italy) - Bomag - Brokk - Broyt - Caesar - Case CE - CNH Global - Cosmoter - DAC - Demag - Dressta - Duomat(Ammann) - Dureppe - Dynapac - EFT - FAI - Faun - Fiat - Fiat-Allis - Fiat-Hitachi - Fuchs - Hamm - Hanomag - HIAB - Hitachi Construction Machinery (Europe) - Huddig - Hydrema - Hydromac - IBH Group - Ingersoll-Rand - Itma - JLG - John Deere - Junttan - Kaiser - Kockerum - Konecranes - Kramer - Krupp - Laltesi - Liebherr - Lifton - Linde AG/(KION Group) - Manitou - Melro - Merlo - Meiller - Metaquip - Metso - Moxy - Neuson - New Holland Construction - Nord-Verk - O&K - Palfinger - Pel-Job - Perlini - Pingon - Poclain - Potain - Rammax - Ritchier - Sandvik - Sambron - Schaffer - Sennebogen - Simit - Soilmec - Vibramax - Vogele - Volvo/VME - Wacker - Wacker Neuson - Wilbau - Wirtgen - Wolff - Zettelmeyer
Australia, China, Japan & Far East
South America
Tortone(Argentina) - Hydromac(Argentina)
Africa & Middle East
Bell(South Africa) - EFT - ENMTP(Algeria) - Sonacom(Algeria)
Russia & Former Eastern Block States
India & Pakistan
Accessories & Ancillary machinery
Breakers, Crushers Grabs, Screeners etc
Types of Machine
Aerial work platform - ADT - Backhoe Loader - Blasthole drill rig - Bulldozer - Cherry picker - Compactor - Compressor Concrete mixer - Crane - Crawler crane - Crawler Tractor - Crusher - Demolition Excavator - Dragline - Dump Truck - Dumper Truck - Excavator - Face Shovel - Forklift - Front Loader - Front Shovel - Generator - Low Ground Pressure (LGP) - Loading Shovel - Lorry loader cranes - Material Handler - MEWP - Mining Machinery - Mobile Crane - Motor Scraper - Patch planer - Paver - Piling Rig - Planer - Power shovel - Road sweeper - Rope shovel - Rubber Duck - Screener - Shredder - Skid Loader - Special Purpose Machines - Skip wagon - Road Roller - Steam roller - Telescopic Handler - Tower Crane - Tracked Shovel - Trencher - Towed Excavators - Tunnelling machinery - Wheeled Excavator - Wheeled Loader
Defunct UK Manufacturers


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