 2009 Dodge Journey, CUV  2010 Fiat Palio Weekend Adventure Locker  2007 Saturn Outlook XR
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A crossover is a vehicle built on a car platform and combining, in highly variable degrees, features of a sport utility vehicle (SUV) with features from a passenger vehicle, especially those of a station wagon or hatchback.
Using the unibody construction typical of passenger vehicles, the crossover combines SUV design features such as tall interior packaging, high H-point seating, high ground-clearance or all-wheel-drive capability — with design features from an automobile such as a passenger vehicle's platform, independent rear suspension, car-like handling and fuel economy.
A crossover may borrow features from a station wagon or hatchback such as the two-box design of a shared passenger/cargo volume with rear access via a third or fifth door, a liftgate — and flexibility to allow configurations that favor either passenger or cargo volume, e.g., fold-down rear seats. The crossover may include an A, B & C-pillar, as well as a D pillar.
Crossovers are typically designed for only light off-road capability, if any at all.[1]
A CUV used as a Panel Truck
Origin[]
The term crossover began as a marketing term,[2] and a 2008 CNNMoney article indicated that "many consumers can not tell the difference between an SUV and a crossover."[1] A January 2008 Wall Street Journal blog article called crossovers "wagons that look like sport utility vehicles but ride like cars."[3]
The market segment spans a wide range of vehicles. In some cases, manufacturers have marketed vehicles as crossovers simply to avoid calling them station wagons.[4] And while some crossover vehicles released in the early 2000s resembled traditional SUVs or wagons, others have prioritized sportiness over utility—such as the Infiniti FX and BMW X6.[5][6]
Crossover antecedents include the AMC Eagle, a vehicle that "pioneered the crossover SUV"[7] By 2006, the segment came into strong visibility in the U.S., when crossover sales "made up more than 50% of the overall SUV market."[8] Sales increased in 2007 by 16%.[3] In the U.S., domestic manufacturers were slow to switch from their emphasis on light truck-based SUVs, and foreign automakers developed crossovers targeting the U.S. market, as an alternative to station wagons that are unpopular there. But by the 2010 model year, domestic automakers had quickly caught up.[1] The segment has strong appeal to aging baby boomers.[1]
Crossover examples[]
The broad spectrum of crossovers includes:
The broad spectrum of CUVs or crossovers includes:
- Compact CUVs: e.g., Audi Q5, BMW X3, Ford Escape/Mercury Mariner/Mazda Tribute, Honda CR-V, Toyota RAV4, Nissan Rogue, Chevy Equinox/GMC Terrain, Acura RDX, Volvo XC60, Hyundai Tucson/Kia Sportage, Suzuki Grand Vitara, Mitsubishi Outlander Sport, Saab 9-4, Infiniti EX, Subaru Forester, Volkswagen Tiguan
- Mid-sized CUVs: e.g., Acura MDX, BMW X5, Lexus RX, Mercedes-Benz M-Class, Toyota Highlander, Nissan Murano, Ford Edge/Lincoln MKX, Cadillac SRX (2010-), Mazda CX-7, BMW X6, Mitsubishi Outlander, Infiniti FX, Hyundai Santa Fe/Kia Sorento (2011-), Volkswagen Touraeg/Porsche Cayenne
- Full-sized CUVs: e.g., Audi Q7, Dodge Durango (2011 -), Ford Flex, Ford Explorer (2011-), Honda Pilot, Lincoln MKT, Mazda CX-9, Mercedes-Benz GL-Class, Mercedes-Benz R-Class (all of which offer three rows of seating for 7 or 8 passengers)
- Mid-sized sedan-derived CUVs: e.g., Honda Accord Crosstour, Toyota Venza, Audi A6 allroad quattro, Acura ZDX, AMC Eagle, Subaru Outback, Volvo XC70 (the last four being based upon Station wagons)
- Compact sedan-derived hatchback CUVs: e.g. Toyota Matrix/Pontiac Vibe[9], Suzuki SX4 hatchback
- Minivan-like CUVs: e.g., Dodge Journey, Tata Aria, Buick Enclave/Chevrolet Traverse/GMC Acadia/Saturn Outlook (defunct), Ford C-MAX, Mazda 5
- Semi-offroaders: e.g. VW Crosspolo, Fiat Palio Adventure, Ford Fiesta Trail, Nissan Livina X-Trail, Land Rover LR2, Jeep Compass, Jeep Grand Cherokee (2005-) Peugeot Escapade, etc
The European MPV or large MPV may broadly resemble the crossover, including vehicles such as the Mercedes-Benz R-Class, VW Golf Plus, Ford Kuga, Renault Koleos and Ford S-Max. Notably, during the development of the Dodge Journey CUV, Dodge benchmarked the S-Max.[10]
A short list of current crossovers with their platform genealogy (similar vehicles are grouped together):
| Model(s) | Platform |
|---|---|
| Acura MDX | Honda mid-size "CD" platform[11] (Honda Accord) |
| Acura RDX | Honda compact "C" platform[11] (Honda Civic) |
| Acura ZDX | Honda mid-size "CD" platform[11] (Honda Accord) |
| Audi allroad | Volkswagen Group C5 platform |
| Audi Q5 | Volkswagen Group B8 platform |
| Audi Q7 | Volkswagen Group PL71 platform |
| BMW X1 | BMW 3 Series |
| BMW X3 | BMW 3 Series |
| BMW X5 | BMW 5 series |
| BMW X6 | BMW X5 |
| Buick Enclave/Chevrolet Traverse/GMC Acadia/Saturn Outlook | GM Lambda platform |
| Buick Rendezvous | GM U platform |
| Cadillac SRX | GM Theta Premium platform |
| Chevrolet Captiva/Saturn Vue | GM Theta platform |
| Chevrolet Equinox | GM Theta platform |
| Chrysler Pacifica | Chrysler CS platform (Chrysler Town and Country/Dodge Caravan) |
| Dacia Duster | Nissan B / Dacia B0 platform (Dacia Logan) |
| Dodge Journey | Mitsubishi GS platform (Dodge Avenger) |
| Fiat Idea | Fiat Idea Adventure Locker |
| Fiat Palio | Fiat Palio Weekend Adventure Locker |
| Fiat Strada | Fiat Strada Adventure Locker |
| Ford Edge | Ford CD3 platform |
| Ford Escape/Mazda Tribute/Mercury Mariner | Ford CD2 platform |
| Ford EcoSport | Ford B3 platform (Ford Fiesta) |
| Ford Explorer (fifth generation) | Ford D3 platform |
| Ford Flex | Ford D4 platform |
| Ford Taurus X / Ford Freestyle | Ford D3 platform (Ford Five Hundred/Taurus) |
| Ford Territory | Ford Falcon |
| Holden Adventra/HSV Avalanche | Holden Commodore |
| Holden Crewman/HSV Avalanche XUV | Holden Commodore |
| Honda CR-V/Honda HR-V | Honda compact "C" platform[11] (Honda Civic) |
| Honda Element | Honda compact "C" platform[11] (Honda Civic) |
| Honda Pilot | Honda mid-size "CD" platform[11] (Honda Accord) |
| Honda Crosstour | Honda mid-size "CD" platform[11] (Honda Accord) |
| Hyundai Tucson/Kia Sportage (2nd Generation) | Hyundai Elantra |
| Hyundai Santa Fe/Hyundai Veracruz/Kia Sorento (2nd Generation) | Hyundai Sonata |
| Infiniti EX | Nissan FM platform |
| Infiniti FX | Nissan FM platform (Infiniti G35) |
| Jeep Compass/Jeep Patriot | Mitsubishi GS platform |
| Lexus RX | Toyota Camry |
| Lincoln MKX/Ford Edge | Ford CD3 platform (Lincoln Zephyr/MKZ, Ford Fusion) |
| Mazda CX-7 | Mazda 6 |
| Mazda CX-9 | Ford CD3 platform (Mazda MPV) |
| Mercedes-Benz GL-Class | |
| Mercedes-Benz GLK-Class | Mercedes-Benz W204 |
| Mercedes-Benz M-Class (second generation) | |
| Mercedes-Benz R-Class | |
| Mitsubishi Endeavor | Mitsubishi Galant |
| Mitsubishi Outlander | Mitsubishi Lancer |
| Nissan Murano | Nissan D platform (Nissan Altima) |
| Nissan Rogue/Nissan Qashqai/Renault Koleos | Nissan C platform (Nissan Sentra) |
| Nissan X-Trail | Nissan C platform (Nissan Sentra) |
| Peugeot 3008 | Peugeot 308 |
| Porsche Cayenne | Volkswagen Group PL71 platform |
| Saab 9-3X | GM Epsilon platform |
| Saab 9-4X | GM Theta Premium platform |
| Škoda Octavia Scout | Volkswagen Group A platform |
| Subaru Forester | Subaru Impreza |
| Subaru Outback | Subaru Legacy |
| Subaru Tribeca | Subaru Legacy |
| Suzuki Grand Vitara (Second generation) | Suzuki SX4 |
| Suzuki XL7 (Second generation) | Chevrolet Equinox |
| Tata Aria | Tata Indigo Manza |
| Toyota Matrix | Toyota Corolla |
| Toyota RAV4 | Toyota Corolla |
| Toyota Venza | Toyota Camry |
| Toyota Highlander/Kluger | Toyota Camry |
| Volkswagen Tiguan | Volkswagen Group B platform (PQ46) (Volkswagen Golf) |
| Volkswagen Touareg | Volkswagen Group PL71 platform |
| Volvo XC60 | Ford EUCD platform |
| Volvo XC70 | Ford EUCD platform |
| Volvo XC90 | Ford D3 platform (Volvo S80) |
See also[]
References[]
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- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Isidore, Chris (9 January 2006). "GM and Ford's New Cross to Bear", CNN Money.com. Retrieved on 8 August 2010.
- ↑ "Smart Buying Essentials What is a Crossover Vehicle?". Intellichoice.com.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 White, Joseph B. (14 January 2008). "Crossover Market Is Thinly Sliced". The Wall Street Journal Blogs. Retrieved on 8 August 2010.
- ↑ "Definition of Crossover Utility Vehicle". Usedcars.about.com (2009-09-17). Retrieved on 2009-10-13.
- ↑ "Inifiti FX35 Review (MY 2010)". Edmunds.com (2009). Retrieved on 2010-01-21.
- ↑ Thomas, David (2008-09-15). "2009 Infiniti FX35". cars.com. Retrieved on 2010-01-21.
- ↑ Sherman, Don (February 2001), "All-Wheel-Drive Revisited: AMC's 1980 Eagle pioneered the cross-over SUV", Automotive Industries, http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m3012/is_2_181/ai_70935228/?tag=content;col1. Retrieved on .
- ↑ Carty, Sharon Silke (3 May 2006). "Crossover vehicles pass up SUVs on road to growing sales", USAtoday. Retrieved on 8 August 2010.
- ↑ Huffman, John. "A sleek “CUV” with youthful imagination - 2003 Toyota Matrix". The Car Connection. Retrieved on 2008-04-26.
- ↑ "2009 Dodge Journey Road Test". Car Reviews.com, Feb 3, 2008, Justin Couture.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 Haines, Steven (2008). The Product Manager's Desk Reference. McGraw-Hill, 13–14. ISBN 9780071591348. Retrieved on 2010–01–29.